High yielding varieties and sound planting materials are prerequisites for sound seed potato production. Low multiplication rate, high seed (tuber) rate, dynamic amassing of degenerative infections, perishability and massiveness are the inherent issues in seed potato production. This may result in non-accessibility/non-availability of sufficient amounts of value seeds at reasonable cost and seed cost alone reflects 40% which is half of the aggregate expenses of development in potato. To go around a portion of these issues, a few alterations, for example, tuber ordering for infection opportunity, seed increase stages and seed accreditation guidelines have been created and incorporated with regular potato seed generation programs. The advent of tissue culture, in which virus-free plants can be produced through meristem culture, maintained indefinitely under controlled conditions and multiplied in artificial media under sterile conditions in the laboratory throughout the year irrespect.
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Journal of Applied Horticulture
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Potato seed production under conventional system causes accrual of tissue-borne fungal, viral and other pathogens and is also considered as slower system of seed multiplication. Above all, this system led to reduction in quality potato seed, low crop yields and ultimately insufficient supply of good quality seed tubers. Scarcity of potato seed has also been accepted as one of the vital factors that limit potato production in developing countries. In mitigating the problem of shortage of good quality seeds, various strategies were developed to rapidly multiply the seed tubers. Advanced technologies like tissue culture, hydroponics and aeroponics needs to be given a serious thought and should be promoted for optimization of tuber production. These techniques areoften used in combination with each-other to get the best results in a short time and reduce numerous labour steps accompanying with direct use of seedlings from lab into the field. This paper insights the standardization of fu.
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Frontiers in Agronomy
India is the second largest producer of potatoes in the world. Seed is the single most important input in potato cultivation. High seed rate (2.5–3.0 tons/ha), low rate of multiplication, progressive viral degeneration, storage, and transportation are major issues of potato seed production in the country. Potato seed alone accounts for 40%-50% of the total potato production cost, and huge quantities of potentially edible food is put back into the soil as potato seed. The delayed penetration of new improved potato/seed varieties into farmers’ fields due to the slow multiplication rate and frequent seed replacement because of degeneration are associated issues. To circumvent these issues, continuous efforts are being made by potato researchers to develop innovative technologies for quick multiplication of initial healthy breeder’s seed of the released varieties in sufficient quantities to meet the demand in our country. A paradigm shift in potato seed production methods has taken plac.
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Virus and soil borne pathogens negatively impact on the production of potatoes in tropical highland and subtropical environments, limiting supply of an increasingly popular and important vegetable in these regions. It is common for latent disease infected seed tubers or field grown cuttings to be used as potato planting material. We utilised an International Potato Centre technique, using aeroponic technology, to produce low cost mini-tubers in tropical areas. The system has been optimised for increased effectiveness in tropical areas. High numbers of seed tubers of cultivar Sebago (630) and Nicola per m 2 (>900) were obtained in the first generation, and the system is capable of producing five crops of standard cultivars in every two years. Initial results indicate that quality seed could be produced by nurseries and farmers, therefore contributing to the minimisation of soil borne diseases in an integrated management plan. This technology reduces seed production costs, benefiting seed and potato growers. INTRODUCTION Potato production in tropical highland and subtropical environments is often limited due to rapid degeneration of planting material through virus, nematodes and soil borne diseases. Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) (BW) is a disease that has long been recognised as one of the limiting factors in potato production. Warm and wet environmental conditions found in the tropics often result in potatoes with a proliferation of open lenticels, which facilitates entry of the bacteria into the tuber (Kloos and Fernandez, 1985). When present, the bacteria can build up in susceptible plants to create a year round source of inoculum. Historically when this has occurred, farmers have abandoned the land and used slash and burn agriculture to move further into the forests. This can never be a sustainable solution as the newly cleared land is quickly infected, particularly when diseased planting material is used, and thus this land also becomes unproductive. This process threatens soil health, global biodiversity and the future economic prosperity of the people without addressing the problem of disease control. Continually increasing the region's infected land cannot be sustainable. Where farmers have not had the option of moving into clean production areas, many have been forced to abandon potato cropping. An integral part of any control strategy of BW must be the development of farmer available and affordable clean seed potato supplies. While a clean seed production process is important, it is critical that the scheme is not developed in the absence of other agronomic control measures, particularly as there is a very high likelihood that the land on which the farmer wants to plant will already have a level of wilt infection. While this study predominately looks at the feasibility of developing a seed potato production system suitable for bacterial wilt prone lands, it also considers some of the other agronomic techniques that need to be provided to farmers. The studies conducted under ACIAR project Hort./2007/066 showed that in the presence of bacterial wilt, potato yields can be as low as a few kilograms per hectare (Justo et al., 2012). The lack of available clean seed supplies means that famers have no other
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International Journal of Chemical Studies
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Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture
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